Non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is a type of enterohaemorrhagic E. coli bacteria that can cause illnesses ranging from mild intestinal disease to severe kidney complications. Causes and outbreaks of STEC have been associated with undercooked beef, raw milk, unpasteurised juices, red leaf lettuce, alfalfa sprouts, and contaminated water. The highest infection rate in humans occurs in children under five years of age and elderly patients. The USDA FSIS’s definition of the Top Six Non-O157 STEC includes both an immunological and genetic component of specific pathogenicity genes. Therefore, rapid methods employing only a single detection technology will likely generate a high frequency of false positives.